Mold and bed for forming castings



(No Model.)

- S. J. ADAMS.

MOLD AND BBD FOR PORMING CASTINGS.

N. 433,588. Patented Aug. 5, 1890 F7/agi mi mmm; Penas ce., mow-mno., wnswmam, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MOLD AND BED FOR FORMING CASTINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters` :Patent No. 433,588, dated August 5, 1890.

Application tiled January 4, 1890. Serial No. 335,916. (No model.) i

To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.- Y

Beit known that I, STEPHEN JARvIs ADAMS,

aresident of Pittsburg,in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Molds and Beds for Forming Castings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description thereof.

j My invention relates to molds and sandbeds for forming castings, having special reference to the forming of castings in what are termed vertical or one-part castings, such as the formation of wagon-boXes, pipe-balls,

'and like articles in Which'the mold is formed in the single body of sand and in a vertical position. In the formation of these molds, especially in the larger sizes, it is found eX- tremely desirable to so cast them that the metal will flow upwardly into the matrix or mold-cavity, it being found that in forming the castings in this Way all liability of the molten metal cutting into the walls of the mold-cavity is overcome, while the casting is formed much more solid, the metal rising within the mold-cavity instead of descending vtherein and the liability of the washing of any of the sand into the body of the casting being The forming of the molds in this overcome. y Way, however, entails some extra expenditure of time and labor, as the most simple Way of forming the molds heretofore devised has been to form a pouring-gate passing directly through the mold itself, and runners within the mold leading from this pouring-gate to the mold cavity or cavities, the mold so form ed being placed upon a shallow bed within a frame or upon a long bed formed on the casting-floor, the upper surface of the bed being smooth, and the metal flowing through the pouring-gate into the bed, and thence by the side runners into the mold-cavities, such molds being shown in application for patent filed by me September 30, 1889, Serial No. 325,611.

My present `invention relates to molds of this general character, its object being to provide a seat in the sand-bed for the reception of the mold and to overcome the necessity ot' the forming of special runners in the base of the mold to lead the metal from the pouringgate into the mold-cavities.

My improved combined mold and sand-bed comprises, generally stated, a complete mold having the mold cavity or cavities formed therein, a pouring-gate extending entirely through the mold, and a runner or runners extending from the base of the mold upwardly into the mold cavity or cavities, and a sandbed having a runner or runners formed therein to connect the pouring gate and runner or runners, so that the metal can pass directly through the mold into the runner in the sandbed, and thence upwardly into the mold-cavity, the mold being properly seated on the sand-bed to bring the runners into proper line.

The special features of the invention will be hereinafter more particularly set forth and claimed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective View of the sandbed having the runners and seats for the mold formed therein. Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the molds placed in position on the sand-bed; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section of another form of mold embodying my invention, showing the mold-cores extending upwardly into the mold-cavities and where the seat is formed in a bed within a shallow frame, a separate bed being employed foreach mold.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each figure.

As the sand-bed forms the principle feature of my invention, I will iirst describe that part thereof. These sand beds are generally formed between long strips of wood, the sandbeds being formed ot' suflicient width to receive either one or two rows of molds, as may be desired, a sand-bed to receive one row being illustrated in the drawings. Strips of wood a, from two to three inches in width, are placed upon the casting-floor and properly leveled thereon and the spaces between the same filled in with loose sand, and over the same I pass a large roller, this roller having projections or depressions corresponding in shape to the seats b to be formed in or on the sandbed A. The side strips a act as guides for the roller and regulate the depth of the seats formed in the body of sand.

IOO

The apparatus above described forms the subject of a separate application filed May 19, 1890, Serial No.`352,286. Instead of such roller, suitable patterns may ot`- course be forced directly down into the sand-bed to form the seats; but I ind the most rapid way of forming the same is by means of the roller. AS these devices for forming the mold do not form the subjectv of the present application, they are not illustrated in the drawings. The patterns on the roller or pressing-plate correspond in shape to the seats to be formed, and to the.runnersorguiding-gutters to be formed within said seats, as hereinafter described. Where the base of the mold is angular-such .as a square or rectangular mold-the seat b .of course corresponds thereto, and the workmen can be guided by the form of the seat in placing the mold therein. Where, however, the base of the mold is circular, in order to bring the mold to the properposition in or on the seat b it is necessary to have some guiding means,and for this purpose I form the extensions c at one or more points in the side of the main seat b, the mold having lugs or projections, as at d, to enter such seats. The seats l) may either be formed as depressions below the sand-bed, as raised portions above the sand-bed, or as marking-points upon the fiat surface of the bed coinciding with certain parts of the flaslwhich will enable the molder to place the mold in exact position to cause the runners in the seat to correspond to the pouring-gate and runner of the mold. The seats of the molds are generally formed as depressions in the sand, and are generally made from a half-inch to an inch deep.

Under the pouring-gate f of the mold is a small depression or basin e, into which the metal will enter from the pou ring-gatef, Which extends entirely through the mold, and leading from the basin e are the gutters or grooves g, which extend outwardly and communicate either directly with the runners h, leading into the mold-cavities t' of the molds,or communicate with an annular' or continuous gutter or groove k, formed within the seat Z), and from which the metal will pass into the runners h, and thence into the'mold-cavities. In square molds-such as shown in the drawings-this continuous runner 7o may be made rectangular, so as to communicate with the rows of molds in the square mold.

The molds are formed within the flasks Z, and are molded in the usual way, and in forming wagon-boxes or pipe-balls the cores m generally enter through the top of the mold When in position for casting, as shown in Fig. 2, the -runner h extending from the mold-cavity i' down to the base of the mold. If desired, however, the molds may be formed with the cores m entering through the base of the mold as it is poured, these cores being wedged or held in place by suitable means when the mold is placed upon the sand-bed, as shown in Fig. 3. The mold illustratedis placed upon a sand-bed formed in a shallow frame n, a

separate t rame being used for each mold. The molds placed upon the sand-beds are complete in themselves, the mold-cavities being entirely inclosed in the sand of the mold.

In pouring molds formed in accordance with my invention the molten metal passes down through the pouringgate f, extending entirely through the mold, and thence into the basin ein the sand-bed, and by the grooves g, extending therefrom, either directly to the runners h, leading into the mold-cavities, or through said runners g into the continuous runner 7c, and thence by said vertical runners h into the mold-cavities. The bed, with its guiding-seat and the runners therein, thus forms a means of pouring the metal, so that it enters at the base of the mold-cavities without the necessity of forming any side runners in the body of the mold itself, it only being necessary to form the mold and then place it in or on the guiding-seat b of the vsand-bed,K

when the gutters in said seat form the proper runners to feed the metal to the mold-cavities. These seats in the sand-bed for the reception ot the molds can be formed at but small expenditure of time and labor, and they overcome the additional labor in forming the mold, so that the metal can enter the mold-cavities at the base, so simplifying the formation of this class of molds to a large degree.

`What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In molds for forming castings, the combination, with a mold having a runner extending entirely through the same, and having` a mold-cavity inclosed within the sand of the mold and arunner leading from the base ot the mold into the mold-cavity, of a sandbed having a runner formed therein to receive the metal from the pouring-gate and direct it to the ruimer leadingvto the moldcavity, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In molds for forming castings, the combination, with a mold having a pouring-gate extending entirely through the same, and having a mold-cavity inclosed within the sand of the mold and a runner leading from the base of the mold to the mold-cavity, of a sand-bed having a guiding-seat to receive the base of the mold, and having a gutter or groove in said seat connecting the vertical pouringgate to the runner leading to the mold-cavity, substantially as and for the purposes set forth'.

3. In molds for forming castings, the combination, with a mold having a pouring-gate extending entirely through the same, and having a series of mold-cavities inclosed within the sand mold and runners extending from the base of the mold to the bases of the mold-cavities, of a sand-bed having a guid ing-seat to receive the base of the mold, and having in said seat a basin below the pouring-gate, a continuous runner extending un-l der the runners leading from the mold-cavities, and runners connecting the basin and IOO IIO

the Continuous runner, substantially as and ing an extension or extensions corresponding for the purposes set forth. with each other to guide the mold to position 4. In lnolds for forming castings, the eoinon .the send-bed, substantially as and for the bination, with a mold having a. pouring-gaie purposes set forth. 5 extending vertically through the same, and a. In testimony whereof I, the said STEPHEN t 5 mold-cavity inolosed Within the sand of the JARVIS ADAMS, have hereunto seb my hand.

mold and a runner extending from lche base STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS. of the mold :into the mold-cavity, of a sand- V-itnesses: p `bed having n. guiding-seat therein to receive JAMES I. KAY,

lo the base of the mold, the seat and mold hav- ROBT. D. TOTTEN. 

